Gun drilling and BTA drilling are deep hole drilling methods that utilize specialized cutting tools run on a long drill tube to reach extreme depths. These methods are used in a wide range of manufacturing industries such as medical tooling, plastic injection molds, aircraft and hydraulic cylinders etc.
The main difference between BTA and Gun Drilling is the way that coolant is introduced to the work zone and removed from it. While Gun drills introduce the coolant by delivering it through a hole in the drill tube to the cutting edge, BTA drills have a different approach where metal-working fluid is pumped down around the outside of the drill tube and carries chips out through the center of the hole.
Most deep hole drills use internal coolant to assist with chip evacuation while cooling the cutting edge. However, certain strategies can be used to improve performance in applications where external coolant must be used. Without internal coolant, a pecking cycle can be used to pull the chips out of the hole.
This method provides higher feed rates than Gun Drilling, allowing it to create boreholes with a length-to-diameter ratio up to 400:1. Additionally, this technology can achieve higher feed rates at smaller diameter holes as well, allowing for greater efficiency in production.
Moreover, this technology has the advantage of being scalable to larger diameters and can produce various types of holes such as solid drilling, counter-boring and multiple-step bores. This makes it an extremely effective tool for applications that require a large volume of material removal.
Despite the high productivity and precision that is achieved with this technology, it still has certain disadvantages. For example, it is difficult to use this method for low-carbon alloy steels such as nuclear power tube-sheets because the chip removal channel is not very large and the chip formation can be irregular. If this happens, the machining accuracy could be compromised and expensive parts may be scrapped.
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